Small banks and financial firms already largely rely on off-the-shelf software and services from third-party data and systems vendors for portfolio management. Consequently, the NIF should not impose significant new operational burdens on small banks. In addition, the public reference databases maintained by the NIF would provide benefits to all market participants, particularly those too small to maintain or purchase their own substitute services. In this way, the NIF would help level the playing field for institutions of all sizes.